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Degrian
06-09-2010, 04:59 PM
Proteins-

Proteins are complex Nitrogenous molecules made up of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. The name Protein (Pro ties- Prominent/ first in Greek) was first digested by Swedish chemist J.J.Berzelius in 1838. These are the most abundant intracellular macromolecules and constitute over half the dry weight of most organisms.Proteins occupy the central position in the architecture and functioning of the living matter. Proteins are very large molecules with a high molecular weight ranging from few to several thousand Dalton's. Proteins are generally unbranded polymers which consists of 20 different amino acids.

Importance of Proteins;-

Proteins are versatile bio polymers that are intimately connected with all the stages of chemical and physical activity of living organisms.Proteins play very crucial role in the architecture and functioning of the living system. Few importance of protein are listed below.

1. All the Enzymes are essentialy made up of proteins , that catalyse various biochemical reactions. Ex: Amylase, Lipase, Pepsin etc..
2. Certain proteins serves as transport agents Ex: Hemoglobin is oxygen transporter.
3. Certain hormones are protein in nature that helps in coordination and regulation of several cellular activities. Ex: Insulin---Regulating blood glucose, Oxytocin--- Helps in Parturition, Contraction of mammary glands, AntiDiuretic Hormone --- Re absorption of water.
4. Few other proteins act as Defence molecules that helps to defend the Living system against harmful pathogens like Bacteria, virus, fungi, Ex: Immunoglobulins (IG) or Antibodies IGg, IG A, IG M, IG E
5. Some proteins are important structural components Ex: Keratin is present in Nails, horns, hair, Elastin is present in ligaments.
6.Some proteins are important in muscle contraction and locomotion Ex : Actin, Myosin, Troponin.
7. Proteins are vital components of plamamembrane, cell orgenell membrane.
8. Some proteins are important in providing nutrition .Ex : Casein in milk, Ovalbumin of egg white.
9.Thrombin, Fibrinogen, Are very important proteins in Blood clotting process.
10 .Rhodopsin is a Photosensitive protein that play a pivotal importance in process of vision.
11. Few proteins are important for growth.
12. Several proteins have gained importance in maintaining Homeostasis of body fluids like blood. Ex : Albumin.

From the above studies it is evident that Proteins are bio molecules with diverse biological functions to perform in the living system , with out which life can not survive. They are intimately connected with all phases of physical and chemical activity, that constitute the life of the cell.Study of Proteins and there Biological importance is one of the major concept in the curriculum of HG grade 2.

faizanijaz
06-10-2010, 01:40 AM
good............basic concept of proteins

Degrian
06-10-2010, 09:37 AM
Thanks.....as i am studying about this.....

Degrian
06-10-2010, 10:03 AM
FACTS ABOUT THE KIDNEYS
1. The kidneys have a higher blood flow than even the brain, liver or heart.

2. The kidneys reabsorb and redistribute 99% of the blood volume and only 0.1% of the blood filtered becomes urine.

3. Kidney stones are an accumulation of mineral salts and mostly combined with calcium which can lodge anywhere along the course of the urinary tract.

4. Refined carbohydrates and sugar help the body make kidney stones.

5. Sugar will stimulate the pancreas to release insulin. This causes extra calcium to be excreted in the urine. . . alas, kidney stones.

6. An excess of milk or antacids may cause kidney stones.

7. Each kidney is about 4 ½ inches long.

8. Each kidney weighs approximately 4 to 6 ounces.

9. The kidneys of a newborn baby are about 3X larger in proportion to body weight as in the adult.

10. The volume of urine excreted daily varies from 1000 to 2000 ml (averaging 1500 ml). 1000 ml (millileters) = 1 lite

Degrian
06-10-2010, 10:05 AM
How to Get Rid of Asthma

••What Is Asthma?
Asthma is a chronic lung condition in which the airways of the lungs are extra sensitive. Whenever they are irritated from the outside, such as by pollens or pollution in the air, or from the inside, such as by eating food you are allergic to, they respond by tightening up, making it difficult to breathe. Symptoms of asthma include coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and a feeling of tightness or even pain around the chest. In very severe cases, the airways can close up completely, making breathing impossible.
Though deaths from asthma do occur, they are mercifully rare. According to expert Elliott Pearl, MD, only about 4,000 people a year die from asthma in the U.S., which sounds like a lot until you take into account that 15 million people in the U.S. suffer from the condition. Most of the people who die of the disease do not have it under good control with available medication. Pearl is an allergist and immunologist at ENTAAcare, a collection of ear, nose, throat, allergy, and asthma specialists working in the Annapolis-Baltimore, Md., area.
Asthma is treated with two types of medication. Short-acting "rescue" medication, usually in the form of an inhaler or bronchodilator containing a drug that opens the airways, can be taken to stop an episode of asthma in its tracks. Longer-acting "maintenance" medications, such as pills or inhalers that have an anti-inflammatory action, are taken every day to prevent an attack from occurring.

**The Alternative Approach
Asthma is caused by an inflammation of the lungs, and Jerome Greenberg, DC, a chiropractor and clinical nutritionist in Manhattan, says that most conditions caused by an excess of inflammation, like asthma, arthritis, and diabetes, are made worse by improper diet. He says that eating healthy, natural oils like fish liver oils, which contain omega-3 fatty acids, and avoiding unhealthy oils, particularly the hydrogenated oils found in many baked, fried, and prepared foods on supermarket shelves, should help inflammation considerably.
Greenberg, who is former president of the Chiropractic Federation of New York, former director of the New York State Chiropractic Association and current director of New Millennium Medical Services in New York, also says that drinking plenty of water is also very helpful for asthma.

Degrian
06-17-2010, 02:40 PM
Can Bacteria Make You Smarter?

Exposure to specific bacteria in the environment, already believed to have antidepressant qualities, could increase learning behavior, according to research presented at the 110th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology in San Diego.

Mycobacterium vaccae is a natural soil bacterium which people likely ingest or breath in when they spend time in nature," says Dorothy Matthews of The Sage Colleges in Troy, New York, who conducted the research with her colleague Susan Jenks.

Previous research studies on M. vaccae showed that heat-killed bacteria injected into mice stimulated growth of some neurons in the brain that resulted in increased levels of serotonin and decreased anxiety.

"Since serotonin plays a role in learning we wondered if live M. vaccae could improve learning in mice," says Matthews.

Matthews and Jenks fed live bacteria to mice and assessed their ability to navigate a maze compared to control mice that were not fed the bacteria.

"We found that mice that were fed live M. vaccae navigated the maze twice as fast and with less demonstrated anxiety behaviors as control mice," says Matthews.

In a second experiment the bacteria were removed from the diet of the experimental mice and they were retested. While the mice ran the maze slower than they did when they were ingesting the bacteria, on average they were still faster than the controls.

A final test was given to the mice after three weeks' rest. While the experimental mice continued to navigate the maze faster than the controls, the results were no longer statistically significant, suggesting the effect is temporary.

"This research suggests that M. vaccae may play a role in anxiety and learning in mammals," says Matthews. "It is interesting to speculate that creating learning environments in schools that include time in the outdoors where M. vaccae is present may decrease anxiety and improve the ability to learn new tasks."

Degrian
07-10-2010, 05:22 PM
Drinking Very Hot Tea Is Linked to Developing Throat Cancer
Every1 enjoys drinking hot tea but remember hazard of drinking too much hot tea
@;


It is difficult to imagine that such a therapeutic drink as our favorite tea, which is known for its anti-aging and anti-cancerous properties, can contribute to possible development of cancer. But, it is not really about tea itself, it is all about its temperature. According to the results of a recent study published in the British Medical Journal, regular drinking really very hot tea at the temperature above 70C drastically increases the risks of having esophageal cancer. At the same time, the researchers are convinced that drinking hot tea (65-70C) also increases the risk of having esophageal cancer twice. Annually, this type of cancer kills about a half million of people. The study was initiated by an international group of scientists in Northern Iran, in Golestan province, where the rates of esophageal cancer occurrence is extremely high. 300 residents diagnosed with esophageal cancer and 570 healthy locals were interviewed and asked questions about their tea drinking habits. Overwhelming majority of the participants with cancer (about 98%) reported about their habit of drinking very hot tea in under two minutes. In cooperation with the British, American, Australian, French and Swedish medical specialists, the researchers continued their study and analyzed tea drinking habits of nearly 50,000 Iranian tea lovers. The results proved the fact that there is a strong connection between regular consumption of very hot tea and developing esophageal cancer.
“These findings are not cause for alarm, however, and they should not reduce public enthusiasm for the time-honored ritual of drinking tea,” says David C. Whiteman, PhD, one of the leaders of the research. His colleague, Oliver Childs, a spokesman for Cancer Research UK, commented on the study as the following: “People in the region of northern Iran often drink very hot tea as part of their daily routine. We’re a nation of tea lovers in the UK, but we don’t tend to drink tea at such high temperatures and we usually add milk, which cools it down.” If you do not like adding milk to your tea, in order to avoid negative effects of the hot beverage you should wait for about 3-4 minutes before drinking freshly boiled black, green or herbal tea.

Degrian
10-07-2010, 04:54 PM
Drinking Green Tea May Help to Reduce the Risk of Developing Gastrointestinal Cancer

Tea drinkers will be happy to learn that they just might be protecting themselves against the risks of developing stomach and intestinal cancers. It appears that green tea can help fight gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. This is the process by which normal cells in the gastrointestinal tract can be transformed into cancer cells.

Green tea has been found to contain high levels of antioxidants which are considered very beneficial in the fight against cancer. Antioxidants are compounds that can oxidize very easily, or in other words sacrifice one of their molecules to carcinogens, which are compounds looking to steal molecules from normal, healthy cells.

Carcinogens, or free radicals, in the body are considered cancer causing agents because they damage the body’s cells by stealing molecules. This can cause the cells to grow out of control, thus developing into cancer cells.

Green tea is thought to be extremely beneficial because the tea leaves are fresh and unfermented, thus preserving the antioxidants, called catechins, present in the leaves. The tea leaves come from the plant Camellia sinensis, which is the same plant that black tea comes from. The difference lies in how the leaves are treated. .

The black tea leaves undergo the oxidation process, which oxidizes much of the specific antioxidants that are present in the green tea leaves. Of course, black teas have been found to contain many beneficial and unique antioxidants of their own, but do not contain the same amount of antioxidants as green tea.

These catechins found in green tea are considered better and stronger antioxidants than those found in black tea because they are water soluble and oxidize very easily, giving them a better chance of neutralizing free radicals before they have that chance to damage the body’s cells.

There are currently 30 epidemiological studies of green tea’s use in the prevention of cancer. However, there are very few studies on the treatment of preexisting cancers with green tea. A majority of the studies on green tea deal with whether the antioxidants present in the tea leaves help prevent gastrointestinal cancers.

One particular study on laboratory rats showed that 93.8% of a group of rats fed the extracted catechins from green tea survived after exposure to a strong mammary carcinogen (DMBA). This is compared to only 33.3% of the control group of rats not fed the protective catechins.

In another study was conducted on 1004 Chinese men: 190 of who had gastric cancer, 42 of whom had esophageal cancer, and 772 of whom were cancer free.

These men were studied over the course of 4 to 12 years. Those participants who were known to drink green tea on a regular basis showed a 50% lower risk of developing gastric and esophageal cancers. This is a significant difference. It basically means that 50% fewer participants in the tea drinker’s group developed cancer than of those in the group found not to drink tea on a regular basis.

There are a total of about eight studies that show drinking green tea on a regular basis can reduce the risk of stomach cancer. It’s possible that green tea is also more effective in the prevention of esophageal and stomach cancers because it moves through the intestinal tract and is in direct, prolonged contact with those tissues.

Many researchers are saying that it is still too early to state conclusively that green tea can help to protect its drinkers from developing gastrointestinal cancers or even help fight the cancer that has all ready developed. However, the current clinical studies look promising. Many tea drinkers claim the possible benefits of drinking green tea outweigh any small inconveniences.

Green tea has been used for hundreds of thousands of years in China and Japan. In fact, the numbers indicating the risks of developing gastrointestinal cancers in those two countries are among the lowest in the world

Not all green teas are the same. There is a wide variance among green teas concerning freshness, consistency, and concentration of the antioxidants in the teas. Information about the concentration of the antioxidants can sometimes be found on the packaging. It is best to find your preferred brand of green tea and stick to it, drinking the tea habitually.

Degrian
12-24-2010, 10:51 AM
Coughing? Take some chocolate
http://www.geo.tv/12-21-2010/76155.htm
Chocolate could provide the key to tackling a persistent cough, researchers claim.

They are carrying out the final stages of clinical trials on a drug that contains theobromine, an ingredient naturally present in cocoa and chocolate.

If the trials are successful, the drug could be on the market within two years.

More than seven million Britons suffer from a persistent cough, defined as one that lasts for more than two weeks.

Some have asthma-like symptoms while others suffer from heartburn.

Previous research by London’s National Heart and Lung Institute found that theobromine is 33 per cent more effective than codeine at stopping coughing. It works directly on the vagus nerve, which is responsible for persistent coughing.

Research in South Korea has shown that theobromine has none of the side effects associated with standard drug treatments for persistent cough.

Degrian
05-11-2011, 09:03 PM
Benefits Of Egg yolk
http://forum.xcitefun.net/benefits-of-egg-yolk-t59713.html

1. Rich in vitamins.
Egg yolk is rich in vitamins such as vitamin A, E and D.

2. Beneficial for the hair.
Egg yolk is not only a nutritious diet, but it is also very beneficial for the hair and has been a traditional hair care remedy. Due to rich amounts of vitamins present in an egg yolk this helps prevent hair loss, improves hair health, sheen and texture. Egg yolk protects the hair from the negative effects of chlorine, pollution, and UV rays.

3. Rich in minerals.
Egg yolk contains majority of the minerals required to maintain a healthy body. These include copper, calcium, folate and iron.

4. Beneficial for the eyes.
Egg yolk is an excellent source of carotenoids, which are useful for maintaining healthy eyes. They are highly absorbable forms of zeaxanthin and lutein. Both these carotenoids collect at the back of the eyes and protect them against macular degeneration, an age- related eye problem. All the lutein and zeaxanthin present in an egg is found in the egg yolk.

5. Rich source of omega 3 fatty acid.
Egg yolk is a rich source of the long-chain of omega-3 fatty acids which are essential for the proper development and functioning of brain and retinal function of the eye.

The long-chains of omega-6 fatty acids are required to maintain the health of the skin, libido, hair, reproduction, response to injury and growth. Both these fatty acids are mainly needed by growing children, pregnant women and lactating mothers. These are also essential for people suffering from degenerative diseases such Alzheimer’s disease

6. Maintains the body health.
People who make a regularly fare of egg yolk have better digestion, improved stamina, and high resistance to illness. Thus, egg yolk is a food that helps to maintain the general health of the body.

The numerous benefits of consuming egg yolk outweigh the disadvantages associated with its use. Make regular use of egg yolk in your diet and stay healthy.